Below is a Stock Daily Moving Average Calculator. Analyze two daily moving averages of a length you choose of a stock over a selected timeframe, and graph or output DMAs and crossovers. Contains data for thousands of American Stocks and ADRs, updated within the previous seven days.
To effectively use this tool to analyze daily moving averages in a stock investment, follow these steps:
Understanding moving average crossovers is valuable for stock analysis. They can indicate potential bullish or bearish trends in stock prices, providing insights into market momentum.
Our Stock Daily Moving Average Calculator offers several unique features:
Moving averages are a popular technical analysis tool used to smooth out price data and identify trends in stock prices. They help filter out the noise from short-term price fluctuations, and provide a clearer picture of the overall trend.
A common strategy is to use two moving averages of different lengths, such as the 50-day and 200-day moving averages. When the shorter moving average crosses above the longer one, it can signal a bullish trend (known as a "golden cross"). Conversely, when the shorter moving average crosses below the longer one, it can signal a bearish trend (known as a "death cross").
For more information on moving averages and their significance in stock analysis, visit the Investopedia guide to Moving Averages.
The calculator uses historical price data for stocks from Tiingo. It does not account for reinvested dividends; for dividend reinvestment, use the stock total return calculator. I also built a tool to analyze a stock's past drawdowns, a SIC and NAICS lookup tool, and a stock correlation calculator.
While we strive to provide accurate and up-to-date information, the results from this calculator are for informational purposes only and should not be considered financial advice. Past performance is not a guarantee of future returns. Always conduct your own research and consult with a financial advisor before making investment decisions.
We hope this tool aids you in making informed decisions about your stock investments. For more financial tools, check out our Investing category page.
Below is a market capitalization calculator. Enter a company's current trading price per share and its total shares outstanding to compute its market cap.
Market capitalization or market cap is the total value of a company's equity. Multiplying the number of shares of a company outstanding by their price is one measure of a company's net worth or value in the market.
Market capitalization, again, only measures the equity value of a corporation. Enterprise value is a more extensive measure which includes the value of debt on the company's books, and nets out any cash.
Usually, market capitalization uses the number of shares currently trading to derive company's total equity value. However, companies issue equity as vesting employee compensation, have options outstanding, issue convertible debt or other instruments which can convert to common or preferred shares. Therefore, a conservative measure of market capitalization assumes all of those shares eventually convert and trade, and you can use the more pessimistic number in your calculations.
While market cap is usually a one-company metric, it can be used in aggregate. A well-designed index may include, for example, all publicly traded technology companies. Another index may consist of all public companies in one country.
By adding all the individual market capitalizations in an exhaustive index, market participants can get an idea of the relative value of categories of companies. Although geographies and categories can be squishy, comparing a country's market cap to its GDP may also signal whether its equity markets are reasonably priced.
Market cap – and revenue growth rate – is among the most important numbers associated with early-stage equity. In private equity rounds, angel investors and venture capitalists purchase preferred shares with a "pre-money" (not including the new investment) and "post-money" (after the new money is included). These investments effectively set the market capitalization of the firm.
These valuations also give an idea about what sort of multiples are possible on investor money. By finding comparable business models in the public markets and applying similar multiples to early-stage firms, investors can guess at a company's potential market capitalization if everything goes right.
Read more about MOIC and TVPI in early stage investing.
The market capitalization formula is:
Market\ Cap =price\ per\ share*shares\ outstanding
Where:
On this page is an Incentive Stock Options or ISO calculator. Input details about your options grant and tax rates, and the tool will estimate your total cost to exercise your grant and your net proceeds. It can also show your worst-case AMT owed upfront, total tax and its breakdown, and the allocation of income depending on your exercise strategy.
In the United States, incentive stock options are stock options with special tax treatment only granted to employees of a company. At exercise, you'll owe no regular taxes. However, the bargain element of the options – the difference between the exercise fair market value and the strike price – counts as income for purposes of the Alternative Minimum Tax.
You'll need to gather some inputs (or make some estimates) to get the most out of the tool. If you've already sold, most of these values are likely on the Form 3921 issued by your employer.
There are two views possible in the tool, a basic view, and an advanced view. For both views, three columns show results for 3 exercise and selling strategies, marked by "Held Grant | Exercise to Sale":
Double-check your strategy against the IRS's Stock Options overview page and Publication 525. TurboTax also gives a nice overview of the strategies.
After entering your options grant details and assumptions, click the "Compute ISO Return and Tax" button for a basic overview.
If you select "Compute & Show Breakdown", you'll find the advanced view in the tool.
As with other tools, note that none of this is investment or tax advice. This tool is for planning and information only, and you should confirm any numbers in a spreadsheet or with a professional. Also, verify all data against the IRS forms and instructions linked above, and note that tax laws are fluid, and I may not update this tool for all scenarios.
Also, this tool assumes you'll have to pay Alternative Minimum Tax from the first dollar of bargain element – a worst-case scenario. That probably isn't your case. Erik Barbara's excellent ISO exercise AMT planning tool can help you decide how many options to exercise while avoiding paying anything additional in AMT.
ISOs are a great employee perk, especially if you don't sell until more than two years after your grant and more than one year after you exercise. In that case, any gains on top of your strike price are considered capital gains – huge savings over your income tax rate. And while the upfront AMT owed can be a drag, you should get most of those taxes back eventually due to credits for prior year AMT.
Often, exercising early is the best option if you can swing it... assuming, of course, your company continues to grow in value! SecFI details some of the catches (and real-life examples) of ISOs and exercise strategies in their great ISO guide.
Hopefully, this tool helped you estimate the potential impact of taxes on your ISOs under various holding and selling scenarios. The impact of the AMT makes this a trickier calculation than for most other employer incentive programs... or Non-qualified Stock Options (NSOs) for that matter.
Still, ISOs are an amazing perk (especially after you understand their tax implications!)
Other benefit and retirement calculators:
On this page is a non-qualified stock option or NSO calculator. The tool will estimate how much tax you'll pay plus your total return on your non-qualified stock options under two scenarios:
In the United States, non-qualified stock options are stock options defined by a negative – they don't qualify for the special treatment for incentive stock options. NSOs (as they are abbreviated) are available to everyone from employees to investors to advisors (and more) and – while complicated – have a straightforward taxation scheme.
This calculator lets you estimate how much it will cost you to exercise your options or will help you compute the gain in a given exercise and sale scenario.
Before you can use the tool to its full potential, you'll have to gather some data – and make some guesses at tax rates.
I've added two views in the tool:
Note that you'll get two answers based on whether you hold exercised shares for more than a year or less than a year for both views. Short-term capital gains apply to investments held under a year – that column will show the cost to selling early (or, alternatively – if you're an optimist – the benefit to waiting!)
All fields include a tooltip which explain what's expected from you for the inputs, or what the outputs mean. After you run the tool in either view, you can see a breakdown of the net profit calculation in the Net Profit/Gain (%) tooltip.
In the base scenario, you'll find 3 outputs
In addition, if you choose the advanced scenario you'll find a few more fields:
There aren't any complications on capital gains taxes for NSOs – capital gains taxation is defined by the IRS (and matched by most states and localities). The clock starts ticking as soon as you exercise the options, and:
Work out other capital gains tax scenarios in our CG calculator.
It's worth working through all the scenarios if you hold non-qualified stock options. Hopefully, this tool was enlightening and helped you game out a few options... for your options.
If you see any issues (or have a request for another tool – this one was a request!) – please reach out through the about page.
And, note that none of this is investment or tax advice. Nothing – including this tool – substitutes for working through your options in a spreadsheet or turning to professional financial help. Early exercise can backfire in a down-round or when a company never provides liquidity: you can't predict future returns. See this excellent guide from Secfi, which covers some of the potential issues with NSOs.
Now, try some of our other benefit and retirement calculators:
On this page is an ETF or a mutual fund fee calculator with optional fee visualization. Enter details about an investment in a fund plus any management or marketing expenses and front- and back-end load costs, then enter your assumptions for future returns and new investments. The tool will then calculate how much you'll lose to fees along with your final net investment balance.
The calculator requires you to enter a few known values about the cost of the fund and your initial investment, plus your best guess for future gains (and new investments).
Additionally, if you choose the "Project & Draw Graph" button, the tool will show a visualization of your investment balance over time. Hover your mouse (or tap on mobile) to see the category breakdown each year. You can show and hide categories in the legend to focus on one area (fees or market gains, perhaps).
Wherever you look in finance, you'll find a fee - even if it uses a fancier name! ETFs, mutual funds, and all sorts of other investment structures and funds (closed end funds, master limited partnerships, business development corporations, and so on) all charge management fees of some sort.
Intuitively, you know it's best to pay smaller fees for any given investment strategy. For access to star managers or tricky investment styles, you likely need to pay higher amounts – but for basic stock strategies such as index tracking, you benefit from looking for the funds with the lowest fees.
Let's say you were evaluating two investments, and with both, you expect a 10% annual return.
If you invest $100,000 upfront, hold for 10 years, and add $5000 additional per year – which investment should you purchase?
In this case, Investment 2 is likely your better option. That's the case even though you paid more in fees – both as a percentage of your final balance and raw dollar amount.
Now, I cherry-picked this example to prove a point – it's worth it to do the math. Depending on your assumptions, the type of fees you pay (and their timing) can make a more significant difference to your returns than the total amount you lose to fees.
(And in all honesty, unless this were a very hard-to-access asset class you wanted exposure to, I'd skip them both!)
Hopefully, this tool provides a decent illustration of how destructive fees can be to your overall investment returns. Just as with taxes, fees act as a drag on your returns – and make achieving high returns in the stock market just a little bit harder.
Luckily for us all, the fees to passively follow popular investment styles have come down as a group over time due to automation, methodology, and competition. However, there are still places you can get caught in high fee investments – beware hidden fees, and good luck investing.
Additional Resources:
On this page is a Restricted Stock Unit Projection calculator or RSU calculator. Enter details of your most recent RSU grant, your company's vesting schedule, and some assumptions about your tax rate and your employer's future returns. From there, the RSU projection tool will model the total economic value of your grant over the years.
To use the RSU projection calculator, walk through the following steps.
By default, the calculator assumes your grant vests equally over four years, with a one-year "cliff" and quarterly vests. The cliff is the first date you receive any share of the new grant. Cliffs are typical for a new hire grant, although ongoing grants (also known as top-ups or refreshers) sometimes vest immediately.
If your company has a different restricted share vesting schedule or your shares don't have a 12-month cliff:
There are two output options – if you choose "Calculate," you'll receive a numerical projection of your strategy. "Draw Graph" will compute a numerical projection and also show you the cumulative breakdown in compensation from your new grant over the vesting period.
If you choose to graph your scenario, you can see how the new grant evolves. The graph will estimate your cash at the end of each year, or your stock's fair value (including and market gain or loss if you hold your shares).
I've been working at companies that issue RSUs for... well, my entire career (yes, at my day jobs). Here are some of the questions about RSUs that come up.
RSUs or Restricted Stock Units are a form of equity compensation where companies promise to grant you future employer stock based on various criteria. For some industries, they are a large part of overall compensation – in some senior roles, they are the largest component.
Most commonly, RSUs are promised upfront and rewarded on a schedule. For example, one common schedule for a new hire is RSUs awarded over four years with a one-year "cliff" (or first vest hurdle), and the remaining shares vesting equally over four years, every quarter. Most companies also refresh or "top up" your grants annually or in conjunction with high-performance or a promotion. Sometimes these refreshers vest immediately, while other companies also add a new cliff.
RSUs nearly always have a value. RSUs convert to shares and a claim on the future performance of a business, so except in the case a company goes bankrupt and equity is wiped out, there's a future market for that equity. Generally in the United States, you owe tax at the time your RSUs vest – that is, when they turn into common stock.
Generally, publicly listed companies grant RSUs – although private companies have started to grant RSUs (liquidity is more complicated pre-IPO, although some companies enable a secondary market).
Canonically: it's best to sell your vested shares and diversify your savings to something unrelated to your employer (and even your industry). Additionally, your employer might levy additional restrictions on your trading, which makes employer stock less advantageous to hold:
Especially with trading windows, it can be complicated to sell shares at a loss without hitting wash sale rules [PDF] from new RSU grants or ESPP shares.
However, there are strong counterarguments in favor of keeping at least some shares:
It's not as simple as a binary "never hold" or "always hold". Take the diversification argument seriously, for sure – Enron, Arthur Andersen, and other companies show it's possible your equity goes to zero. But you can also sometimes find success through a concentration in one company's shares – and you do likely have a knowledge edge with your employer.
All I can say is: it's up to you. Make sure you are at least well-diversified before you take any big swings. Personally, I've sold a reasonable amount of past RSUs, but also hold a respectable amount of vested shares (and none of my employers' stock has gone to zero – knock on wood!).
In most countries (including the US), you are required to pay tax on your RSUs as soon as they vest. However, many companies let you choose to pay your taxes using cash instead of selling a portion of newly vested shares to raise cash.
In theory, paying your taxes in cash is no different from buying your company's shares in the open market. In practice? It's complicated.
For some companies, stock-based compensation is quite significant – and the total company-wide shares sold for taxes are a substantial percentage of the stock's daily average trading volume.
It's sometimes worth it to pay the tax in cash even if you plan to sell within the next few days, to avoid distortions caused by all of the forced selling by your co-workers. Your mileage may vary. (And if you plan to keep your shares, it's something you should model as well.)
Especially at many technology and biotechnology companies, stock-based compensation can be a large component of your total compensation. And through some market cycles, people who sit on their hands and keep shares have performed extremely well – but beware of concentrating too much risk in a single company. Your employment and benefits already depend on your employer – do you want to add a significant amount of savings risk, too... especially if you don't have a substantial mass of other assets?
However, except in the most extreme cases, RSUs are real money – this isn't phantom equity you should write off. If you work at a publicly traded company, or a private company with a secondary market, IPO on the horizon, or potential for M&A, take your equity compensation very seriously.
RSUs are some of the best benefits an employer can offer and they have the potential to appreciate wildly based on your company's performance... and the market's overall levels, of course. Keep an eye out for companies with generous grants – and hopefully, this tool helps you better value your restricted stock!
Other Resources:
On this page is an Irregular Internal Rate of Return calculator, usually known as an XIRR calculator. Enter a series of dates where cash flows move in or out of an investment plus the amounts, and the tool will tell you the annualized rate of return.
In the XIRR tool, enter a positive number when you draw money from an investment, and a negative number when you put money into the investment.
XIRR, or the Irregular Internal Rate of Return, is the discount rate where the net present value of all cash flows in an investment equal to zero. It shares that with the IRR, although the XIRR is more complicated to calculate because it assumes cash flows are irregular – that is, there isn't a fixed time of month or the year where you can expect to deposit or withdraw money.
XIRR and IRR are both useful real world tools for evaluating past investments, or, when modeling, comparing future investments. However, XIRR usually better matches real life – you can't always expect cash flows in a conveniently scheduled way.
To match the scenario presented by default in the tool, create two columns, Period and Amount. Under those two, paste the following values (you can paste the dates the tool gives you, this is an example):
| 7/8/16 | -100000 |
| 7/8/18 | 50000 |
| 7/8/19 | 30000 |
| 7/8/20 | -20000 |
| 7/8/21 | 130000 |
Finally, underneath the "Amount" column, type =XIRR(, then drag your cursor over all of the values in the "Amount" column. Enter the comma if it doesn't move you along, then drag your cursor over all of the dates.
When you hit return, you should match the XIRR of 18.21%.
While XIRR and IRR are equivalent – you could match XIRR with IRR if you add the missing days with "0" for cash flows – XIRR usually models the real world better. When you are looking back in time, you can enter the actual date you received or deposited cash, finding an equivalent net present value.
Have fun with it? Here are some other tools you'll enjoy:
On this page is an Internal Rate of Return calculator, or IRR calculator. Enter the cash flows of an investment (or planned investment) in evenly spaced periods, and the tool will tell you your periodized rate of return.
In the tool below, enter whether you are putting money into an investment using a negative number or receiving money back from an investment using a positive number.
IRR, or the Internal Rate of Return, is the interest rate (or sometimes, discount rate), making the net present value of all cash flows in an investment equal to zero. Thus, the IRR is the steady-state interest rate in a perfectly behaved investment that matches the real-life experience of cash flows.
IRR is useful both as a benchmark and to model for comparison with another investment. As a benchmark, it shows you how an investment, bond, or other cash-flowing instrument performed over time. With modeling, you have to estimate the future cash flows of an investment, which you can then compare to the naive return you think you'll receive from some other benchmark, for example, the S&P 500.
In the real world, it's hard to find an investment which perfectly returns money in uniform intervals. To set individual days for cash flows, use the irregular rate of return or xirr calculator.
Whether it's time or money, we've only got some much – and when you are planning on spending either, you should be modeling potential outcomes. An IRR calculation can't help you much with time, but it can help you model out a few different scenarios for the future growth of your money.
Money today is more valuable than money in the future. That's true because modern monetary systems tend to drive inflation, but it's also true because sometimes you might be comparing an investment versus consumption – for example, a trip or a car. If no investment options are compelling, it might be worth the splurge!
The formula for IRR (and NPV, if you don't set NPV to 0) is:
NPV=\sum_{n=0}^{N}{\frac{A_n}{(1+r)^n}}Where:
Note: r isn't always an annual rate, but it is a periodic rate. That is, if you aren't using years as your period, you will need to convert it when comparing to returns quoted ion years.
Let's walk through the default calculation in the IRR tool.
In this scenario, you invest $100,000 into an investment at time 0. In years 1 and 2, you receive payouts of $50,000 and $30,000, respectively. In year 3, you need to invest another $20,000 (consider a capital call for a private investment, or some other maintenance need). Finally, in year 4, you receive a final payout of $130,000.
0 = -100000+\frac{50000}{(1+r)^1}+\frac{30000}{(1+r)^2}-\frac{20000}{(1+r)^3}+\frac{130000}{(1+r)^4}As you can see, you get a result of over 26%. Assuming that's annual, compare that to an investment on the S&P 500, which might return 5-10% annually (although sometimes more!) in that time.
Your first exposure to an internal rate of return calculation may have been through Excel or another spreadsheet program, but if not – I'll walk through it here. For the same scenario as above, create two columns, Period and Amount. Under those two, paste the following values (note that the first period is "0", no time has passed):
| 0 | -100000 |
| 1 | 50000 |
| 2 | 30000 |
| 3 | -20000 |
| 4 | 130000 |
Finally, underneath the "Amount" column, type =IRR(, then drag your cursor over all of the values in the "Amount" column. Hit return, and you should see the number you get in the tool – 26.079%.
IRR calculations are great for comparing a potential investment to an alternative investment or a hurdle rate. For example, by laying out the potential cash flows from an investment, you can see whether it makes sense to lock up your hard-earned money. Hopefully, the tool and the discussion helped you work through whether the investment fits your needs!
Here are some other tools which help you understand, reason around, or benchmark potential investments:
On this page is an IRA calculator you can use to model and estimate the balance of your IRA over time. Enter details of your current IRA balance, age, retirement plans, and estimate future real returns and the tool will model your IRA growth and allow you to export the details for further research.
The IRA was first introduced with the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 as a portable plan to allow workers to contribute to a retirement plan outside their day job. Further features – such as the SEP-IRA ("Simplified Employer Pension") introduced in 1978 – allowed employer contributions, but the IRA's main selling point is as a tax-advantaged plan separate from your main job.
There are two types of IRA, the traditional IRA – where taxes are deferred until you withdraw any gains – or the Roth IRA – where taxes are paid upfront and all gains are tax-free. For both plans, the benefits are excellent... you don't need to pay interim taxes on any gains made while the funds are still in the account.
This tool lets you model how large your investment might grow if you diligently add to your account over a career. No matter the style of IRA you choose, IRAs are an excellent vehicle for growing your wealth. To that end, there is an IRA contribution limit, but due to various rollover possibilities, the DQYDJ tool does not cap how much you can contribute a month (if you aren't taking advantage of a backdoor you should cap your contribution at the IRA max).
To use the IRA modeling tool, you'll have to make some estimates about the future and fill in details about your current status:
As we often say here on the site, your assumption is probably wrong – but it can still be useful.
You do need to guess how your investments will return over time here. The S&P 500 historical return calculator might be a good guide if you invest in stocks, and in that case, 5, 6, or 7% returns are a "reasonable ballpark" here. For safety, perhaps use the Treasury Return Calculator's numbers (perhaps 1-2% real returns?).
You can either see summary statistics modeling your 401(k) or 403(b) or increase the resolution and graph your projections.
To see the summary, click the blue 'Project IRA Balance' button. You'll then see an estimated balance, plus a breakdown of how we got to the total.
If you hit the "Project & Draw" button, you will see the above outputs and a graph of your annual balance, including the running breakdown of all sources. If you hover over an age, you'll see our estimate for your balance that year plus what funding sources contributed to the balance.
If you click the upper right 'hamburger' menu, you can export the projection data. Choose to export svg or png for a graphical representation of the estimate, or use the csv option to model results further in your favorite spreadsheet program.
Traditional IRAs are best used when you think your tax rate might fall in the future – they let you defer today's taxes to some future regime's tax rates. Roth IRAs are the opposite – you pay today's tax rate but never have to pay tax again.
When you combine the tax treatment of IRAs, the ability to rollover from 401(k)s, and the ability to contribute or convert (which effectively means anyone can contribute), sometimes folks' results and balances get controversial.
In 2014, the Government Accountability Office noted that nearly 10,000 people had IRA balances of $5,000,000 or more at year-end 2011. In Mitt Romney's 2012 Presidential run, his massive (traditional) IRA balance was controversial. In 2021, ProPublica leaked the balances of some other IRAs – including a $5 billion Roth IRA controlled by Peter Thiel, $250+ million Roth IRAs owned by Berkshire Hathaway's Ted Weschler and hedge fund manager Randall Smith, and $20+ million IRAs controlled by Warren Buffett and hedge fund manager Robert Mercer. (Some of those were aided by a Roth IRA Conversion).
Staggering amounts, for sure – and now, you can model what sort of returns it'd take to match them (read: excellent results over a very long time. Don't count on it!)
Whether your IRA balance ends up at an incredible terminal value, or you realize a more typical return, it's worth having an IRA (or multiple!) in your pocket for tax planning. When you make it to retirement, it's helpful to have a variety of buckets to withdraw from – pre-tax, post-tax, fully taxed, and so on. Hopefully, this tool helps you model what might be possible from your IRA.
See some other valuable tools which can help with your retirement estimates:
On this page is an annual percentage yield to annual percentage rate or apy to apr calculator.
Sometimes you have an APY, or annual percentage yield, and need to compare to an APR, or annual percentage rate. APR does not tell you the true cost of debt or a loan since it isn't compounded; one way to fairly compare two terms is to convert the APY into an APR for a direct comparison (although it's usually safer to convert APR to APY).
Here's what the tool needs to convert your annual yield or APY into an APR:
When done, hit the "Compute APR" button to do the math. Here's the output:
APR and APY are tricky topics, and sometimes (hopefully not often!) banks confuse the two rates to obfuscate comparisons. While I prefer to look at things on an annual basis, it's also valid to compare things as APRs – just make sure you compare like to like, whichever you choose.
If you do want to go the other way, here's that tool plus a few additional tricky yield and fixed income calculators to boot: